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In the Kansas City Star on June 9, 2006, an article shared some speech milestones for parents. Quoted in the article was information from The National Institutes for Health and they identified milestone markers with regard to speech and language development for children. The milestones are as follows:
18-23 months of age
Children should:
- Enjoy being read to.
- Follow simple commands without gestures.
- Point to simple body parts such as "nose."
- Understand simple verbs such as "eat," "sleep."
- Correctly pronounce most vowels and the consonants n, m, p, h, especially at the beginning of syllables and shorts words.
- Begin to use other speech sounds.
- Say eight to ten words (pronunciation may still be unclear).
- Ask for common foods by name. Make animal sounds.
- Start to combine words such as "more milk."
- Begin to use pronouns such as "mine."
2-3 years of age
Children should:
- Know about 50 words at 24 months
- Know some spatial concepts such as "in."
- Know pronouns such as "you," "me,""her."
- Know descriptive words such as "big," "happy."
- Say about 40 words at 24 months.
- Have speech that is becoming more accurate.
- Begin to use more pronouns such as "you," "I."
- Speak in two- to three-word phrases.
- Use question inflection to ask for something.
- Begin to use plurals such as "shoes" or "socks" and past-tense verbs such as "jumped."
3-4 years of age
Children should:
- Group objects such as foods and clothes.
- Identify colors.
- Use most speech sounds but may distort some of the more difficult sounds such as l, r, s, sh, ch, y, v, z, th. (These sounds may not be mastered until age 7 or 8).
- Use consonants in the beginning, middle and ends of words.
- Be able to describe the use of objects such as "fork" or "car."
- Have fun with language.
- Enjoy poems and recognize language absurdities such as, "is that an elephant on your head?"
- Express ideas and feelings.
- Answer simple questions.
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